When Is Online Sexual Solicitation of a Minor Considered Sexual Abuse? Recommendations for Victim Prevalence Surveys

• NCJ Number: 309767
• Journal: Trauma Violence & Abuse Volume: 25 Issue: 5 Dated: December 2024 Pages: 4117–4129
• Author(s): David Finkelhor; Casey Cavanaugh; Heather Turner; Deirdre Colburn; Samantha Sutton; Ben Mathews
• Date Published: December 2024
• Length: 13 pages
• Grant Number(s): 2020-R2-CX-0015
• Agencies: NIJ-Sponsored
• Publication Type: Research (Applied/Empirical)

Annotation

This paper studies sexual abuse surveys to determine when online sexual solicitation of a minor is considered sexual abuse and make recommendations for victim prevalence surveys.             

Abstract

In order to determine when online sexual solicitation of a minor is considered sexual abuse and make recommendations for prevalence surveys, this article reviewed 25 online sexual abuse survey reports and examined episodes and narratives from the U.S. National Technology Facilitated Abuse (TFA) survey, which asked about online solicitation and other online sexual offenses. Recommendations are made about classifying and reporting on findings about online solicitation. Among the surveys reviewed, 9 of 25 elicited and counted online sexual solicitation from adults only, but the rest counted other youth solicitors as well as adults. Eight of 25 asked about only “unwanted” solicitations, but the rest had no such qualification, possibly including solicitations with positive or neutral reactions. Analysis of the TFA survey showed that in over half of solicitation episodes, the recipients did not actually know the age or identity of the solicitor. Very large differences in prevalence rates can occur depending on what types of solicitation are counted and how missing information is classified. Many new surveys have been developed to assess the prevalence of online sexual abuse. An important type of question asked in many of these surveys is about online sexual solicitation. However, not all sexual solicitations of children necessarily qualify as sexual abuse as it has conventionally been defined. Sexual solicitations from other same age youth may be legal and nonabusive. Solicitations of youth above the age of consent by adults may also be legal. At the same time, many true online sex offenses may not be identified with questions about solicitation wanted or unwanted. (Published Abstract Provided)