This special report looks at the growth of the Illinois Department of Corrections between 1970 and 1990.
The department was created in 1970, representing the first time in Illinois history that both adult and juvenile correctional facilities were controlled by a single agency. Construction of the Vienna prison in 1971 marked the first addition to the State prison system since 1923. By 1973, 6,000 adults were in the system; by 1990, this figure grew to 27,600. The first budget for the department was just over $53.7 million in 1970 for the operation of 9 prisons, 7 youth centers, and supporting programs. In 1990, the budget increased to $496 million for the operation of 21 prisons, 7 youth centers, and support services. Two more prisons will open during 1991, two are under construction, and four work camps are being built. In addition to adult prisoners, the department is responsible for juvenile offenders, parole supervision, and work release programs. Education and drug treatment programs form another significant responsibility of the department. Major developments at the 21 adult and 7 juvenile correctional facilities during the last 20 years are detailed with accomplishments and program innovations in support services noted. Some of the highlighted developments include the correctional industries program, health services and counseling for inmates, Alcoholics Anonymous programming, and job assistance once inmates are released.