U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.

NCJRS Virtual Library

The Virtual Library houses over 235,000 criminal justice resources, including all known OJP works.
Click here to search the NCJRS Virtual Library

Are Private Prisons More Cost-effective Than Public Prisons? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Research Studies

NCJ Number
178872
Journal
Crime and Delinquency Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Dated: July 1999 Pages: 358-371
Author(s)
Travis C Pratt; Jeff Maahs
Date Published
July 1999
Length
14 pages
Annotation
The relative cost-effectiveness of private and public prisons was studied by means of a meta-analysis of 33 cost-effectiveness evaluations in 24 independent studies of private and public prisons.
Abstract
The sample was generated by a literature search through the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS), Article-first, and Worldcat. Each selected study reported a measure of inmate cost per day or had enough information that such a measure could be calculated. In addition, each selected study included information on characteristics that could be used as statistical controls. The data were analyzed through correlation analysis and ordinary least-squares regression analysis. Results revealed that private prisons were no more cost-effective than public prisons and that other institutional characteristics were the strongest predictors of a prison's daily cost per inmate. These other characteristics included the facility's economy of scale, age, and security level. Findings provide policymakers with a more realistic and cautious estimate of the relative efficiency of private prisons and may encourage researchers to evaluate more rigorously the cost-effectiveness of other forms of correctional privatization. Tables, notes, and 66 references (Author abstract modified)