NCJ Number
96332
Date Published
1984
Length
36 pages
Annotation
The study summarized in this report analyzed sentences imposed, processes leading to sentencing, and the influence of local political and economic environments in four misdemeanor courts; Austin, Tex.; Columbus, Ohio; Mankato, Minn.; and Tacoma, Wash.
Abstract
The study used an eclectic methodological approach, collecting data from random samples of case files, interviews, and surveys of local citizen attitudes. Fines are the most commonly imposed sanctions in all four courts; jail sentences are used only occasionally. The two most critical factors affecting choice and severity of sanction are the type of offense and the individual judge, although the influence of each varies from site to site. The revenue-generating potential of misdemeanor courts and the reliance on fines appear to be substantially intertwined. The study documented significant pressures for revenue generation in three sites, with judges being the most frequent targets of such pressures. Substantial use of revenue-generating punishment and minimal use of costly rehabilitation programs, however, do not appear to square with local community opinion. Citizens revealed a greater preference for treatment programs, counseling, and volunteer community work for misdemeanor defendants than what is currently available to or used by the courts. These findings suggest a need to re-examine appropriate methods of court financing, although State funding of local courts presents other problems. Tables and 29 references are supplied. (Author abstract modified)