Change in Functions of Japanese Corrections with Criminalization (From Adult Corrections: International Systems and Perspectives, P 231-267, 2004, John A. Winterdyk, ed. -- See NCJ-208147)

• NCJ Number: 208155
• Author(s): Minoru Yokoyama
• Date Published: 2004
• Length: 37 pages
• Sale Source: Criminal Justice Press/Willow Tree Press
• Publication Format: Book (Softbound)
• Publication Type: Historical Overview
• Language: English
• Country: United States of America

Annotation

Following a review of the demographics, climate, economy, and government of Japan, this chapter traces the history of Japanese corrections; assesses the current status of Japan's corrections policies and administrative procedures; and addresses issues currently confronting Japanese corrections.

Abstract

Japan has retained a highly centralized correctional system that has been associated with comparatively low crime rates. The homogeneity of Japanese society combined with centralized control has helped ensure that correctional administration and the treatment of prisoners is consistent throughout the country. This means that if there are any deficiencies, however, they tend to be found throughout the system. There are four kinds of penal facilities in Japan. They are prisons in which inmates are obligated to work, prisons for those without forced labor, houses of penal detention for prisoners held for under 30 days, and detention houses to detain suspects and accused persons. Prisoners have a highly regimented life that includes academic education, counseling and guidance, and life skills training. Some issues confronting Japanese corrections are pressure to allow independent assessments of prison conditions; legislation that will specify the precise circumstance under which restraints and protective cells can be used; and abolition of the use of leather handcuffs, body belts, and metal handcuffs. Discussion questions, 7 figures, 3 tables, 26 references, and 23 notes