NCJ Number
223865
Journal
Journal of Forensic Sciences Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Dated: July 2008 Pages: 793-796
Date Published
July 2008
Length
4 pages
Annotation
This case report describes the methodology used by an archaeologist in searching for a clandestine grave in Costa Rica based on an anonymous informant’s report that the victim had been kidnapped, murdered, placed in a shallow grave in a designated wooded area, and then covered with lime and cement.
Abstract
The archaeologist led the search and excavation in consultation with the crime-scene manager, and police familiar with archaeological excavation assisted. The complex features of the site (woods in an area of coffee plantations characterized by an active biological environment with various modern events affecting the natural context) and of the grave (uncertain relationship between the human remains, possible other artifacts, lime, and cement) required unconventional excavation methods. Excavation of a test pit into sterile soil for comparison purposes and the use of experienced personnel ensured a more controlled and efficient site investigation. A search of the area in order to detect conventional signs of burial (for example, slumping and different plant growth) resulted in excavation of unrelated features of past disturbance. Various aspects of the grave, including the depositing of cement powder over the body, prevented its initial discovery. Improvisation of conventional archaeological excavation methods and the use of police familiar with archaeological excavation resulted in the location of the grave and exhumation of the victim without loss of important contextual evidence that supported testimony on the cause of death. The taphonomic effects of high-lying ground water and lime in the tropical burial environment are briefly discussed. Recommendations are offered in order to assist in similar investigations, such as the construction of a temporary sump for lowering the ground water level in the grave during excavation, as well as the use of constant documentation via photography, video, electronic mapping, and written notes and sketches. 2 figures and 11 references