NCJ Number
49148
Date Published
1976
Length
9 pages
Annotation
FRANK LOVELAND'S WRITINGS ON INMATE CLASSIFICATION AND OTHER ASPECTS OF CORRECTIONS ARE REVIEWED.
Abstract
LOVELAND'S CAREER INCLUDED 25 YEARS AS ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR INMATE PROGRAMS WITH THE U.S. BUREAU OF PRISONS. HE WAS ALSO A LEADER OF THE AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION. IN 1929, AT THE BEGINNING OF HIS CAREER, FRANK LOVELAND FIRST SUGGESTED THE NEED TO CONSIDER EACH OFFENDER INDIVIDUALLY AND TO PLAN TREATMENT TO ADDRESS THE SPECIAL PROBLEMS AND NEEDS OF THE INDIVIDUAL. IN THE 10 YEARS THAT FOLLOWED, HE PLAYED A PART IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TWO OF THE EARLY INMATE CLASSIFICATION PROGRAMS IN STATE PRISON SYSTEMS. IN 1938, HE ARTICULATED A DEFINITION OF CLASSIFICATION, WHICH WAS ELABORATED IN THE FIRST HANDBOOK ON CLASSIFICATION, EDITED BY FRANK LOVELAND. IN THE 1940'S, MR. LOVELAND FOCUSED ATTENTION ON THE CONCEPT OF INSTITUTIONAL CLIMATE -- THE NEED FOR THE INMATE'S DAY-TO-DAY CONTACTS WITH CUSTODIAL OFFICERS TO BE CONSTRUCTIVE ONES. THROUGHOUT HIS CAREER, FRANK LOVELAND EXPRESSED CONCERN ABOUT THE SEMANTICS OF CORRECTIONS, STRESSING THE DANGERS OF MISINTERPRETING CONCEPTS BORROWED FROM OTHER DISCIPLINES. IN THE 1960'S, LOVELAND CITED THE TENDENCY TO OVERSIMPLIFY THE ROLE OF CLASSIFICATION, EMPHASIZING THE NEED FOR MORE PRECISE PROGRAM EVALUATION. DURING THIS TIME, HIS WRITINGS REFLECT A GROWING DISENCHANTMENT WITH THE CAPACITY OF PRISONS TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION OF REHABILITATION. AS EARLY AS 1936, BEFORE SYSTEMS TERMINOLOGY HAD BEEN INTRODUCED IN THE FIELD OF CORRECTIONS, FRANK LOVELAND SPOKE OF THE NEED TO BRING ABOUT CONTINUITY IN THE LIVES OF OFFENDERS THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF TREATMENT FORCES. EXCERPTS FROM THE WRITINGS OF FRANK LOVELAND ARE INCLUDED. (LKM)