NCJ Number
192056
Editor(s)
Anthony Bottoms,
Loraine Gelsthorpe,
Sue Rex
Date Published
2001
Length
271 pages
Annotation
These 12 papers developed from papers and discussions at a June 2000 conference held in Cambridge, England, to examine future directions for community penalties and community-based corrections, particularly in England and Wales.
Abstract
The 24th Cropwood Round Table Conference brought together academics, practitioners, and policymakers. The papers focus on court-ordered punishments that are structurally located between custody and financial or nominal penalties. The introduction notes that major transitions have recently occurred in the central rationales for community-based corrections. The transitions started from the era of treatment and included periods of alternatives to custody and punishment in the community to a focus on the protection of the public and culminating most recently in the introduction of a new generation of community orders. The next chapter places community penalties in their historical context and reviews developments in England since 1948. Subsequent chapters examine community penalties in the context of contemporary social change, examine the literature on cognitive-behavioral approaches and other approaches to reduce recidivism, and discuss the social mechanisms that might encourage to comply in the short term with community orders and in the long term with the law. Further chapters present the perspective of a probation manager involved in evidence-based practice in the Probation Service, propose a focus on harm reduction as a means of ensuring accountability, and argue that accountability toward the offender requires accommodation of social diversity and difference. Other chapters discuss technology in the form of electronic monitoring and computerization in community corrections, consider restorative justice as a framework for the future, and examine the potential role of community penalties in ensuring public safety based on experiences in the United States. The final chapter presents the editors’ perspectives on the macro-political, research, public safety, procedural, and social dimensions of these issues. Index, chapter notes, and reference lists