NCJ Number
111579
Journal
Federal Probation Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Dated: (June 1986) Pages: 4-16
Date Published
1986
Length
13 pages
Annotation
This article examines intensive probation supervision (IPS) programs in the United States within the context of three models of community supervision.
Abstract
The justice model emphasizes punishment, but within the bounds of fairness. A program based on this model would emphasize daily contact between probation officer and offender for certain crimes, community service orders, and restitution or probation fees and fines. In this model, there is no required treatment and sanctioning is based on guidelines. While no State program currently fits this model, several programs incorporate some of its features. The limited risk control model attempts to balance offender risk with concerns for fair punishment. Preventive conditions are linked directly to each offender's ability to reside safely in the community. Probation conditions are aimed at crime reduction rather than rehabilitation. Oregon and Massachusetts have based their IPS programs on this model. A traditional treatment-oriented model of IPS may include punitive, control components, but emphasizes rehabilitation, generally requiring the development of treatment plans and a requirement for full-time employment or vocational training and community service. Almost all IPS programs are based on this model. Common features of such programs in 31 States include risk/needs assessment, community service, mandatory referrals, curfew or house arrest, drug testing, and specialized staff training. 6 tables, 18 notes, and 24 references.