NCJ Number
50335
Date Published
1978
Length
93 pages
Annotation
THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY (E/S) PLANNING APPROACH, BASED ON THE THESIS THAT THE DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT PLAY A PRIMARY ROLE IN PROVIDING THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIMINAL ACTS, IS DESCRIBED.
Abstract
E/S IS AN URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN PROCESS WHICH INTEGRATES CRIME PREVENTION WITH NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN AND URBAN REDEVELOPMENT. FOLLOWING A DISCUSSION OF HOW CRIME CAN ESCALATE IN A NEIGHBORHOOD, THE MAJOR HISTORICAL MODELS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME PREVENTION INITIATIVES THAT HAVE PRECEDED E/S ARE EXAMINED. SUBSEQUENT SECTIONS EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CRIME AND THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, THE CRIME-ENVIRONMENT PHENOMENON (A CAUSAL CONDITION REFLECTING THE DYNAMIC INTERCHANGE BETWEEN PEOPLE AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT), AND THE E/S CONCEPTUAL MODEL. THE BASIC THEORIES OF E/S AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS ARE DETAILED IN A CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM. THE EIGHT STEPS IN THE E/S TECHNICAL PLANNING PROCESS ARE DESCRIBED, ALONG WITH HOW AN E/S PROJECT CAN BE FUNDED, ORGANIZED, AND APPLIED. FINALLY, FOUR CASE STUDIES ARE PRESENTED: THE HARTFORD, CONN., CRIME PREVENTION PROGRAM, WHICH RESULTED IN A 42-PERCENT REDUCTION IN RESIDENTIAL BURGLARY; THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY PLAN AND PROGRAM FOR THE SOUTH LOOP NEW TOWN IN CHICAGO, ILL.; AND EXISTING E/S EFFORTS IN ST. LOUIS, MO., AND OAK PARK, ILL. REFERENCES AND GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS ARE PROVIDED. (AUTHOR ABSTRACT MODIFIED)