NCJ Number
69055
Journal
Revue de science criminelle et de droit penal compare Issue: 4 Dated: (OCTOBER-DECEMBER 1978) Pages: 909-916
Date Published
1978
Length
8 pages
Annotation
TO DEMONSTRATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINOLOGICAL STUDIES, THE ARTICLE COMPARES THE PROGRAMS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF CRIMINOLOGY IN PARIS (1950) AND THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS IN LISBON (1978).
Abstract
THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO PROGRAMS INDICATES THAT (1) THE ORIGIN OF CRIMES IS NO LONGER THE CENTRAL SUBJECT OF CRIMINOLOGY; (2) THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE HAS BECOME A SIGNIFICANT AREA OF STUDY; (3) OFFENDER TREATMENT, JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, AND PREVENTION HAVE ESTABLISHED THEMSELVES AS VALID SUBJECT AREAS; AND (4) VICTIMOLOGY, A NEW AREA, HAS CONTRIBUTED VALUABLE INSIGHTS. BOTH THE PARIS AND THE LISBON CONGRESS HAD SPECIFIC SECTIONS DEALING WITH JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, BUT THE LISBON CONGRESS PLACED GREATER EMPHASIS ON THE SUBJECT. THE EMPHASIS RECENTLY PLACED ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN THE CONTEXT OF CRIMINOLOGY CAN BE EXPLAINED THROUGH THE GROWING SKEPTICISM TOWARDS EARLIER MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EDUCATIONAL THEORIES, THE RESULTING QUESTION OF WHAT TO DO WITH JUVENILE DELINQUENTS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL CRIMINOLOGY. IN LISBON EXPERTS ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, WHICH HAS DEVELOPED SPECTACULARLY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF LEAA, CONTRIBUTED SOCIOLOGICAL INSIGHTS INTO THE ECONOMICS OF CRIMINOLOGY, IDEOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH, COURT DIVERSION, THE PROSECUTOR, AND THE POLICE. IN DEFINING THE RELATION BETWEEN CRIMINOLOGY AND ADJACENT DISCIPLINES (E.G., CRIMINAL LAW, PENOLOGY), THE LISBON PARTICIPANTS EMPHASIZED THAT SUBJECT MATTER WAS NOT THE PREROGATIVE OF A PARTICULAR DISCIPLINE BUT THAT RATHER THE APPROACH TO SUBJECT MATTER SHOWED THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE DISCIPLINES. --IN FRENCH.