NCJ Number
43662
Date Published
Unknown
Length
50 pages
Annotation
THREE MARKETED BRANDS OF CHLOROACETOPHENONE (CN) AEROSOL IRRITANT PROJECTORS ARE EVALUATED USING FOUR EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEMS AND THREE LABORATORY ANIMAL SPECIES.
Abstract
THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE ANY POTENTIAL RISK INVOLVED IN THE USE OF THE AEROSOL IRRITANT PROJECTOR AND TO ESTABLISH TEST PROCEDURES USEFUL IN DETERMINING THE COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF THE AVAILABLE AND ANTICIPATED PRODUCTS. THE TEST MATERIALS USED IN THIS STUDY WERE CHEMICAL MACE MK-IV, FEDERAL STREAMER NO. 280, AND CHEMICAL WEAPON (118CC). THE SEQUENCE OF TESTING AND THE SPECIES USED WERE AS FOLLOWS: ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY (RAT), PRIMARY DERMAL IRRITATION (RABBIT), OCULAR IRRITATION (MONKEY), AND MULTIPLE-EXPOSURE (MONKEY). ALL EXPOSURES CONSISTED OF 1-SECOND BURSTS AT A DISTANCE OF 1 FOOT THE ANIMAL SUBJECT. IN ALL BUT THE ACTUTE INHALATION TOXICITY STUDY, CANISTERS WERE HELD 1 FOOT FROM THE SUBJECT DURING EXPOSURE. THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS WERE DRAWN FROM THE RESULTS OF THE STUDIES ON THE THREE FORMUATIONS: THE FORMULATIONS SEEMED EQUALLY EFFECTIVE LACRIMOGENS WHEN TESTED IN THE MONKEY; THE DEGREE AND DURATION OF DERMAL IRRITATION OBSERVED FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO EACH FORMULATION WAS GREATER IN THE MONKEY THAN IN THE RABBIT; EACH FORMULATION EXIBITED A REALTIVELY LOW ORDER OF TOXICITY IN THE RAT AND THE MONKEY EXPOSED TO REASONABLE CONCENTRATIONS; AND FINALLY, THE STUDY INDENTIFIED THREE TESTS WHICH HAVE POTENTIAL UTILITY IN EVALUATING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MARKETED AND NEWLY DEVELOPED CHEMICAL WEAPON PRODUCTS. SUPPORTING TABLES AND TEST RECOMMENDATIONS ARE APPENDED.