NCJ Number
150627
Journal
Journal of Forensic Sciences Volume: 39 Issue: 4 Dated: (July 1994) Pages: 981-987
Date Published
1994
Length
7 pages
Annotation
In the Dutch Forensic Laboratory, a new method of determining the firing range (the distance between the weapon and the victim) in cases involving leadfree ammunition was developed using the coloring reagent zincon.
Abstract
Knowledge of the firing range represents important information for the reconstruction of a crime involving firearms. Reconstruction can contribute to the technical evidence that distinguishes murder from a suicide or an accident. The new method was needed because the traditional approach cannot be used with leadfree ammunition. In the 9 mm para Action-3 Sintox ammunition used by the Dutch police forces, elements present in the gunshot residues are copper, zinc, and titanium. The new method for the determination of the firing range is a combination of a material, cellophane film; a coloring reagent, zincon; and the design of a simple stretching device. Depending on the weapon, the ammunition, and the clothing worn by the victim, a firing range up to approximately 1.5 m can be determined using this method. The impact damage on objects such as doors and windows can also be examined using this method to determine the firing range. Photographs, figure, and 6 references (Author abstract modified)