NCJ Number
172644
Journal
Journal of Forensic Identification Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Dated: (May/June 1998) Pages: 273-278
Date Published
1998
Length
6 pages
Annotation
This study describes and evaluates two techniques for facial reconstruction from the skull.
Abstract
One forensic artist did reconstruction drawings or two-dimensional reconstruction based on skull photographs, both frontal and lateral. A second artist built a three-dimensional sculpture directly on the skull. When compared, their efforts had produced facial images that were notably similar in appearance. While both techniques have produced positive results over a period of years, certain aspects to each method should be considered when choosing which to use. Drawings can take somewhat less time and can be done in an office environment with inexpensive materials. The two-dimensional method more readily lends itself to cases of particularly fragile or damaged skulls which could not hold the weight of clay. Some artists are more comfortable with their drawing skills and find sculpture intimidating. Disadvantages to the two-dimensional method include the possibility of incorrectly taken photographs that can distort the skull and reduce the accuracy of the facial image, and the availability and cost of precisely made photographs. The greatest advantage of a three-dimensional model is the flexibility of multiple photographic poses. Disadvantages include original setup costs for sculpture sand, prosthetic eyes, clay, tools, wigs, etc. The technique is more time consuming for most people, and requires the additional step of photographing the final sculpture. Notes, figures, bibliography