NCJ Number
242390
Date Published
March 2011
Length
3 pages
Annotation
After describing the general characteristics and criminal features of gangs in Texas, along with the characteristics of youth attracted to gangs, this paper outlines the steps and programs proven effective in responding to gangs.
Abstract
The kinds of gangs most commonly found in Texas are groups of youth who "hang out" together and have developed distinctive group names and accompanying identifying group signs, such as similar clothing style, colors, or hand signs. Their delinquent behaviors typically include truancy, minor vandalism, and status offenses. Although attracting the attention of law enforcement, school officials, and neighborhood residents, they have not yet committed serious crimes. The gang is associated with a particular territory ("turf), which they defend against rival gangs. Beginning with minor offenses, gang behavior can escalate to profit-making theft offenses, assaults, and homicide. Gang members are typically between the ages of 10 and 21, have dropped out of school, and have family members who are in gangs. The most deeply embedded gang members tend to lack adult supervision for extended time periods. Gangs provide them with acceptance, companionship, and status among their peers. Steps in developing a plan to counter the negative influence of gangs on youth include policymakers' acknowledgement and assessment of the gang problem, development and delivery of a message for gang members regarding how community-based and law enforcement agencies will respond to gangs. This can include requiring gang members to remedy the harms they have caused through restitution funds. Specific types of programs that can reduce gang activity include alternative constructive community-based activities attractive to youth, the provision of leisure activities supervised by responsible adults, and programs that teach new ways of communicating with one another and resolving interpersonal conflicts. A listing of resources for responding to gangs