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Guilty or Innocent?: Solving Crimes With Investigative Questionnaires

NCJ Number
215250
Journal
Law Enforcement Technology Volume: 33 Issue: 7 Dated: July 2006 Pages: 20-22,24-26,28-30,32
Author(s)
James Bassett
Date Published
July 2006
Length
10 pages
Annotation
This article discusses the nature, reliability, and functions of a Crime Questionnaire in helping investigators decide whether a suspect is guilty or innocent.
Abstract
The use of a Crime Questionnaire typically involves three steps. First, the suspect writes answers to standard questions about the crime. The answers are scored with a system based on research and language analysis techniques. The investigator then orally interviews the suspect about written answers that are ambiguous or contradictory. By comparing a suspect's responses to a database of answers given in confirmed criminal cases, the trained analyst determines whether the suspect is telling the truth. In a recent study, a Crime Questionnaire correctly predicted polygraph results 84.8 percent of the time. Research has found that multiple-choice questions with spaces for the suspect to explain in writing his/her answers and short essay questions are the most effective format for a Crime Questionnaire. Examples are provided of a multiple-choice question and a suspect's response as well as a short essay question. One benefit of the Crime Questionnaire is that it is less threatening to both innocent and guilty suspects than an oral interview or a polygraph. Both guilty and innocent suspects are likely to agree to complete the Crime Questionnaire (the guilty person because he/she wants to appear cooperative and the innocent person because they want to prove their innocence). Further, the questionnaire can either stand alone as a tool for assessing guilt or innocence or be used in combination with a subsequent oral interview or polygraph examination to improve their effectiveness. The average completion time for a questionnaire is 30 minutes, and suspects who read at the fifth-grade level can complete most investigative questionnaires in writing. Questionnaires can be administered orally to illiterate suspects, with answers recorded verbatim.