NCJ Number
130060
Journal
Criminal Law Bulletin Volume: 27 Issue: 3 Dated: (May/June 1991) Pages: 230-246
Date Published
1991
Length
17 pages
Annotation
An historical overview of the ideological shift in corrections from rehabilitation to punishment is discussed along with the problems created by this policy change.
Abstract
Recently, there has been a shift in support from rehabilitation and treatment models of sentencing to public endorsement of punishment, retribution, and deterrence. These current reforms are reflective of the early 19th Century, when sentencing policy was, for the most part, determinate. The creation of the National Prison Association in 1870 emphasized reform and moral integration. The examination of current determinate sentencing laws reveals their variety and lack of consistency. Determinate sentencing has resulted in more probation disqualification provisions, mandatory sentencing statutes, and the abolition of traditional parole as a releasing mechanism. These laws have affected prison populations by contributing to overcrowding. With inmate populations at record high levels, cost of incarceration and length of prison terms increasing, the pressures and demands placed on the correctional system will continue to intensify for some time in the foreseeable future. 47 notes (Author abstract modified)