NCJ Number
116415
Date Published
Unknown
Length
54 pages
Annotation
Interviews and interrupted time-series analysis of court records for 1970 through 1984 were used to assess the direct and indirect effects of rape law reforms in Michigan, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Texas, Washington, D.C., and Georgia.
Abstract
Interviews revealed that criminal justice personnel were aware of and supported most of the changes in their States' rape laws. Most approved of evidentiary changes and felt that they have resulted in more appropriate treatment of alleged offenders and more humane responses to victims. Despite this acceptance, there were clear interjurisdictional variations in attitudes and in compliance with substantive and procedural restrictions. These variations were related to the types of reform enacted. The presence of more restrictive shield laws was associated with improved attitudes toward and compliance with prohibitions on the use of evidence about a victim's past sexual history. Despite the effect of reforms in socializing criminal justice actors, the only direct impact of reforms found across the several jurisdictions was an increase in the average sentences imposed for sex offenses. Only Detroit, the jurisdiction that enacted the strongest and most comprehensive reforms, showed expected increases in reported rapes, indictments, convictions, convictions on original charge, incarcerations, and average sentences. The lack of impact in D.C., Georgia, and Texas may be explained by the weak nature of the reforms enacted. Differential impact in the three jurisdictions with stronger reforms may be attributable to differences in the reform packages adopted in these States. 14 tables and 18 figures. See NCJ-116416 for complete report.