Impression Formation or Prediction? Category Fit and Task Influence Forensic Person Memory

• NCJ Number: 237001
• Journal: Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice Volume: 11 Issue: 5 Dated: October-December 2011 Pages: 391-405
• Author(s): Sabine Glock, Ph.D.; Julia Kneer, Ph.D.; Sabine Krolak-Schwerdt, Ph.D.
• Date Published: November 2011
• Length: 15 pages
• Publication Format: Article
• Publication Type: Report (Study/Research)
• Language: English
• Country: United States of America

Annotation

This study investigated whether forensic psychologists as experts apply offender categories depending on the category-fit of the information and on the task they have to perform.

Abstract

The authors experimentally investigated whether forensic psychologists differ from laymen in their use of heuristic and integrated information processing depending on the given task and category fit of information. Participants' task was either forming an impression or predicting the development of a fictitious rapist and a fictitious robber-and-murderer. Case report recall was measured. Results showed that experts processed the rapist's information heuristically when offender information fit the category and the task required impression formation. In contrast, laymen did not apply the offender categories and processed all the information using an integrated strategy. When predicting the development of an offender, forensic psychologists integrated all relevant information. The robber-and-murderer information was always processed using an integrated strategy. The practical relevance of the results is discussed. (Published Abstract)