NCJ Number
79685
Date Published
Unknown
Length
0 pages
Annotation
Richard Clutterbuck of the United Kingdom characterizes terrorist kidnappings, hostage situations where the whereabouts of the victim are unknown, and outlines precautionary measures and negotiation strategies. Three international experts express critical views of the attitudes and behavior of the press in delicate hostage situations.
Abstract
Clutterbuck's analysis of a kidnap operation reveals 11 successive cells of activity, progressing from the selection and surveillance of the target, through steps of the actual abduction and concealment, to contacting the family, arranging for ransom, recycling the money, and releasing the hostage. Readiness of potential kidnap victims includes insurance, home and business physical security, family and employee awareness, and a police file with voice prints, photographs, and other personal data on those deemed to be at risk. Reinhart Rupprecht of the Bundeskriminalamt of the Federal Republic of Germany recognizes the essential conflict of interest between security forces and members of the press. Brusque curtailment of media activities may make the authorities appear repressive and stimulate sympathy for the terrorist. It is the government's responsibility to maintain an understanding with the press to further its own public relations goals and not jeopardize its immediate efforts to resolve a dangerous crisis. Agreements should be sought with the media to restrain their reporting in situations where life must be protected or an important police operation concluded. Dick Mulder of the Netherlands identifies four stages of hostage negotiations in terms of press relations, which begin well and deteriorate progressively. Following reports of the initial outrage, press exposure can have negative effects on the progress of psychological negotiations, and publicity of newly liberated hostages' statements can be detrimental to them for the rest of their lives. Overzealous press reports, in one case identifying deputies among the hostages, have resulted in the officers' deaths. Conversely, the press can be used to reinforce the intent of the negotiations, if a cooperative agreement can be reached. Col. Clutterbuck warns of the dangers of a controlled press, which is contrary to the principles and the interests of democratic systems. He urges that authorities seek voluntary press restraint to save lives and avoid violence. The free media could serve to motivate public sympathy for the government's side in the battle against terrorists. John Hinchcliff, special agent of the FBI, emphasizes that in terrorist situations, one plan is applicable to all law enforcement groups, local or Federal, and that no unauthorized police officer should deal with the press.