NCJ Number
240133
Date Published
2011
Length
52 pages
Annotation
This report reviews positive trends in State laws enacted during the years 2005 through 2010 that advance the cause of removing youth from the adult criminal justice system, and recommendations are offered for further legislative reforms in this area.
Abstract
Colorado, Maine, Virginia, and Pennsylvania have passed law that limit the ability of jurisdictions to house youth in adult jails and prisons. Connecticut, Illinois, and Mississippi have expanded the jurisdiction of juvenile courts so that older youth who previously would be automatically tried as adults are not prosecuted in adult criminal court. Arizona, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Nevada, Utah, Virginia, and Washington have changed their transfer laws to make it more likely that youth will stay under the jurisdiction of the juvenile justice system. Colorado, Georgia, Texas, and Washington have changed their mandatory minimum sentencing laws to take into account the developmental differences between youth and adults. Four recommendations are offered for policymakers. First, remove all youth from adult jails and prisons in the State or local jurisdiction. Second, raise the age of juvenile court jurisdiction to at least age 18. Third, reform juvenile transfer laws to keep youth in the juvenile justice system. Fourth, remove mandatory minimum sentences for youth convicted in the adult justice system. Those motivated to lead efforts in such reforms are instructed in how to influence legislators to make these reforms. 67 references