NCJ Number
243105
Date Published
2011
Length
18 pages
Annotation
This chapter develops the thesis that locus of control should be considered in an analysis of the coping styles of sexual offenders and their ability to cope effectively with problematic life situations that lead to reoffending (relapse).
Abstract
Locus of control generally refers to the extent to which an individual believes his/her behavior determines specific life events. Empirical research supports the validity of the locus of control construct and has identified differences between individuals with an internal locus of control and those with an external locus of control. Individuals with an internal locus of control tend to believe they are in control of their destinies and are able to cause or influence certain events. Individuals who believe that life events result from random forces beyond their control (fate, luck, or powerful others) have an external locus of control. Overall, an internal locus of control is overwhelmingly associated with more effective coping with life's problems; however, as Folkman (1992) explained, self-efficacy also has a crucial role in coping. Self-efficacy is an individual's belief that he/she can perform a particular behavior; for example, persons with high self-efficacy may manage stress by persisting longer and devoting more effort to cognitive control strategies. Empirical research conducted in a range of settings and with a variety of populations attests to the relationship between therapeutic intervention and a shift toward internal locus of control. Rotter (1966, 1978) argued that it is the experience of success due to one's own efforts that assists clients in learning that they have the ability and motivation to control their destiny. The treatment of sexual offenders, therefore, involves setting meaningful and achievable goals for the offender, leading to the experience of success early in therapy; this increases motivation for future efforts. 73 references