NCJ Number
55042
Journal
International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Dated: (SPRING/SUMMER 1978) Pages: 29-34
Date Published
1978
Length
6 pages
Annotation
THE ESTABLISHMENT AND UTILIZATION OF CRIME PREVENTION METHODS IN THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS (USSR) ARE EXAMINED, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SOVIET MILITIA (POLICE).
Abstract
ACCORDING TO OPINIONS IN SOVIET CRIMINOLOGICAL LITERATURE, CRIME PREVENTION IMPLIES A SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL MEASURES AIMED AT UPROOTING CRIME THROUGH THE CREATION OF CONDITIONS WHICH, ON THE ONE HAND, ELIMINATE THE CAUSES OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY AND, ON THE OTHER, GUARANTEE A PROMPT REACTION ON THE PART OF THE GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS TO AMORAL, ANTISOCIAL, AND CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR. ACCORDING TO THEIR AIMS, PREVENTIVE MEASURES CAN BE DIVIDED INTO GENERAL AND SPECIFIC TYPES. GENERAL MEASURES OF CRIME PREVENTION ARE SOCIOECONOMIC, CULTURAL, AND INSTRUCTIVE MEASURES AIMED AT ELIMINATING THE CAUSES OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR, AND INCLUDE THOSE CONNECTED WITH ESTABLISHING AND PERFECTING PROPER NORMS OF STATE, CIVIL, FAMILY, FINANCIAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW, NOT DIRECTLY LINKED WITH THE FIGHT AGAINST CRIME (E.G., YOUTH CLUBS, ATHLETIC ASSOCIATIONS FOR TEENAGERS). SPECIAL METHODS OF CRIME PREVENTION HAVE BEEN INTRODUCED BY VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS WITH THE PRECISE INTENT OF PREVENTING CRIMINAL ACTIVITY. THESE SPECIAL MEASURES ARE SUBDIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING TYPES: CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT, DISCIPLINARY AND ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION, MANDATORY MEDICAL TREATMENT AND REHABILITATIVE MEASURES, SOCIAL ACTION, INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCE ON VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS WHO FIND THEMSELVES IN DANGEROUS SITUATIONS WHICH COULD LEAD TO CRIME, THE PROPAGANDIZING OF CRIMINAL LAWS, ELIMINATION OF CAUSES AND CONDITIONS CONDUCIVE TO CRIME, AS WELL AS POLICE ACTIONS TO STOP CRIMES IN PROGRESS. THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE MILITIA OCCUPIES THE DOMINANT ROLE IN DETECTING, DISCOURAGING, AND STOPPING CRIMES. HOWEVER, OTHER DIVISIONS TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEALING WITH SELECTED TYPES OF CRIME OR OFFENSES (I.E., THE DIVISION TO COMBAT THE THEFT OF SOCIALIST PROPERTY, GOVERNMENT AUTOMOBILE INSPECTION, AND THE DIVISION FOR THE REGULATION OF STREET TRAFFIC). REFERENCES ARE CITED. (KBL)