PAROLE SURVIVAL AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS AND WHITES - AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS RELATED TO PAROLE OUTCOME (FROM TREATING THE OFFENDER - PROBLEMS AND ISSUES, 1977, BY M RIEDEL AND P VALES - SEE NCJ-46790)

• NCJ Number: 46796
• Author(s): C T GRIFFITHS; E L HALL; L T WINFREE
• Date Published: 1977
• Length: 13 pages
• Sponsoring Agency: Montana Board of Crime Control
• Corporate Author: Praeger Publishers; American Soc of Criminology
• Publication Format: Document
• Publication Type: Report (Study/Research)
• Language: English
• Country: United States of America

Annotation

THE INFLUENCE OF PREPRISON, PRISON, AND POSTPRISON EXPERIENCES ON PAROLE OUTCOMES FOR 917 INMATES (78 PERCENT WHITE, APPROXIMATELY 23 PERCENT AMERICAN INDIAN) FROM A PRISON IN A RURAL WESTERN STATE IS EXAMINED.

Abstract

PAROLE OUTCOME IS DEFINED AS EITHER SUCCESS OR FAILURE. THE PAROLEE EITHER REMAINS ON PAROLE AND IS DISCHARGED AT THE APPROPRIATE TIME (OR HAD NOT BEEN INCARCERATED AT THE TIME DATA WERE GATHERED), OR CONDITIONS OF PAROLE ARE VIOLATED AND THE PAROLEE IS SENT BACK TO PRISON. FOR BOTH AMERICAN INDIAN AND WHITE PAROLEES, THE NUMBER OF PREVIOUS STATE INCARCERATIONS AND PAROLES, TIME SERVED UNTIL RELEASE, AND INITIAL RESIDENCE UPON PAROLE ARE PREDICTIVE OF PAROLE SUCCESS OR FAILURE. EXISTENCE OF AN ALCOHOL PROBLEM PRIOR TO INCARCERATION AND LEVEL OF FORMAL EDUCATION BOTH ARE PREDICTIVE OF PAROLE OUTCOMES FOR WHITES BUT NOT FOR AMERICAN INDIANS. ALTHOUGH THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENROLLMENT IN THE PRISON SCHOOL AND PAROLE OUTCOME IS NOT SIGNIFICANT FOR EITHER GROUP, PAROLE FAILURE RATES ARE HIGHER FOR BOTH WHITES AND AMERICAN INDIANS WHO PARTICIPATED IN THE INSTITUTION'S EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS. REGARDLESS OF THE PREDICTIVE VALUE OF THE VARIOUS MEASURES TESTED, PAROLE FAILURE RATES FOR AMERICAN INDIANS REMAIN CONSISTENTLY HIGH. SUPPORTING DATA AND A LIST OF REFERENCES ARE INCLUDED. (LKM)