Physical Components of Soft-Tissue Ballistic Wounding and Their Involvement in the Generation of Blood Backspatter

• NCJ Number: 242065
• Journal: Journal of Forensic Sciences Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Dated: September 2012 Pages: 1339-1342
• Author(s): Peter L. Davidson, Ph.D.; Michael C. Taylor, Ph.D.; Suzanne J. Wilson, M.Sc.; Kevan A.J. Walsh, M.Sc.; Jules A. Kieser, Ph.D.
• Date Published: September 2012
• Length: 4 pages
• Publication Format: Article
• Publication Type: Report (Technical)
• Language: English
• Country: United States of America

Annotation

This research examines gunshot backspatter.

Abstract

Gunshot backspatter comprises biological material expelled backward through bullet entry holes. Crime scene investigators analyze backspatter patterns to infer wounding circumstances. An understanding of the mechanism of backspatter generation, and the relationship between spatter patterns and bullet and tissue characteristics, would enhance the predictive value of such analysis. The authors examined soft-tissue ballistic wounding responses to determine the underlying components and how these might be relevant to the generation of backspatter. The authors identified five mechanistic components to ballistic wounding (elastic, viscous, crushing, cutting, and thermal), each related to mechanical disciplines (respectively, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, fracture mechanics, rheology, and thermodynamics). The authors identified potential roles for these five components in backspatter formation and provide a scenario whereby a sequence of events incorporating these components could lead to backspatter generation and expulsion. This research provides a framework for the mathematical representation, and subsequent computational predictive modeling, of backspatter generation and pattern formation. Abstract published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons.