NCJ Number
77418
Editor(s)
I Goldaber,
E P Powers
Date Published
1976
Length
13 pages
Annotation
This publication reports the findings of a conference on the potential for spectator violence at sports events, suggests possible solutions to the problem, and outlines areas for continued research.
Abstract
Factors contributing to the potential for violence either in the crowd or of the crowd include the significance attached to the sports event or to its outcome, the composition of the crowd, an emphasis on team rivalry, a prevalence of alcohol and drugs, and the lack of norms concerning acceptable spectator behavior. The potential for violence may also be increased by the opportunity given spectators to commit violent acts, the degree of disruptive behavior tolerated by the game officials and by other spectators, and the presence of spectators who buy tickets for thrill-seeking reasons. The report suggests that the professional community should take a more active role in preventing spectator violence by educating students and the public to the dangers involved and to the responsibilities of spectators. Stadium management personnel should discourage intemperate drinking, and players on the field should signal good sportsmanship techniques to the spectators. Security can be enhanced through the strategic dispersement of police officers, the entry prevention of predictable troublemakers if there is good cause, and the ejection of rowdy spectators. In addition, research into such areas as the history of violence in sports, the profile of the violent spectator, and the role of alcohol at the sports event is suggested. A list of conference participants and a program are appended.