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Pros of Privately-Housed Cons: New Evidence on the Cost Savings of Private Prisons

NCJ Number
204786
Author(s)
Matthew Mitchell
Date Published
March 2003
Length
24 pages
Annotation
This report presents the methodology and findings of an interstate econometric test of the relative efficiency of privately-operated prisons compared with government-operated prisons, with a focus on the implications of the findings for New Mexico.
Abstract
The econometric model used in this study consisted of a cross-section comparison of 46 States' corrections monetary expenditures per inmate as a function of the portion of the inmates housed privately. To account for differences among States, the econometric model addressed interstate differences in labor market conditions (measured by right-to-work laws), the pay rate for prison guards (measured by entry-level pay for State police as an indicator), and the amount of crowding (measured by use of bed space). Compared with government-operated prisons, this study found significant per-inmate savings for privately operated prisons. With all other factors being equal, New Mexico, which houses 45 percent of its inmates in privately-operated facilities, spent approximately $9,660 less per inmate in 2001 than States with government-operated prisons. Given New Mexico's prison population of 5,300, this amounts to an annual savings of $51 million. A 45-percent rate of prison privatization can be expected to reduce the typical corrections budget by approximately one-third. In addition to study methodology and findings, this report also contains a short history of the privatization movement in corrections and the reasons for it. 2 tables, a 24-item bibliography, and appended supplementary information on the econometric model