NCJ Number
10795
Date Published
1971
Length
764 pages
Annotation
COLLECTIVE VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS, EXTREMIST TARGETS AND AND TACTICS, YOUTH GANG VIOLENCE, AND STRATEGIES FOR RESPONDING TO THESE ACTIONS.
Abstract
THE SIX CHAPTERS OF THIS REPORT ARE A REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF COLLECTIVE VIOLENCE. FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY, COLLECTIVE VIOLENCE WAS DEFINED AS THE THREAT OR USE OF FORCE BY A COLLECTIVITY OF INDIVIDUALS THAT RESULTS OR IS INTENDED TO RESULT IN THE INJURY OR FORCIBLE RESTRAINT OF A PERSON OR PERSONS OR THE DESTRUCTION OR FORCIBLE SEIZURE OF PROPERTY. THE FIRST VOLUME CONSIDERS RESPONSES TO COLLECTIVE VIOLENCE IN HIGH SCHOOLS, GRADE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. INDIVIDUAL SECTIONS DISCUSS POLICE-SCHOOL RELATIONS, AND POLICE PLANNING BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER VIOLENT INCIDENTS. THE EDITOR NOTES THAT THE HIGH SCHOOLS AND GRADE SCHOOLS ARE THE EMERGING PROBLEM AREAS FOR THE EARLY 1970'S. APPENDED MATERIAL IN VOLUME ONE INCLUDES GUIDELINES FOR SCHOOL SECURITY IN PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY, MARYLAND. INITIAL SECTIONS IN THE SECOND VOLUME REVIEW AND DEFINE VIOLENCE AS IT OCCURS NOW AND HAS OCCURRED IN THE PAST. COMMON ELEMENTS IN EXTREMIST GROUPS ARE NOTED, AND POLITICAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC IDEOLOGIES ARE DISCUSSED. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL COVERING THE 1971 MAYDAY DEMONSTRATION IN WASHINGTON, DC, EXAMINES VITAL URBAN PROCESSES AS EXTREMIST TARGETS, DILEMMAS FACING LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE OFFICIALS, AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE DEMONSTRATIONS. THE LATTER HALF OF THE SECOND VOLUME FOCUSES ON YOUTH GANG VIOLENCE. RELATED ISSUES DEAL WITH STRATEGIES AND TACTICS FOR DEALING WITH YOUTH SUCH AS LIMITING PROVOCATION AND REDIRECTING PRESSURES. THE USE OF THE YOUTH GANG AS A FORM OF COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION IS ALSO EXPLORED. THE APPENDIX CONTAINS AN ILLUSTRATED MAYDAY TACTICAL MANUAL, AND IMPROVISED MUNITIONS HANDBOOK, AND AN UNDERGROUND MANUAL REFERENCES ARE INCLUDED. (AUTHOR ABSTRACT MODIFIED)