Systematic Approach to the Enhancement of Footwear Marks

• NCJ Number: 114839
• Journal: Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal Volume: 21 Issue: 3 Dated: (September 1988) Pages: 98-105
• Author(s): R J Davis
• Date Published: 1988
• Length: 8 pages
• Publication Format: Article
• Publication Type: Report (Study/Research)
• Language: English
• Country: Canada
• Note: This paper is a modified version of that read, under the same title, to the Footwear and Tire Seminar at the 11th International Meeting of Forensic Sciences, Vancouver, August 4, 1987.

Annotation

An array of physical and chemical techniques is now available for the contrast-enhancement of two-dimensional crime footwear marks. The problem of the footwear examiner, whether at the crime scene or in the laboratory, is to decide which methods are appropriate and in which order to apply them.

Abstract

The main requirements for choosing the correct sequence of techniques are a correct diagnosis of the substrate, nature of the footwear mark and ambient conditions and an understanding of the principles of each technique. At the outset, after photography under the best conditions of illumination, electrostatic lifting should be attempted, since it is essentially non-destructive. A consideration of other 'dry' physical methods should follow, notably gelatin lifting, ESDA and powdering. The sequencing of 'wet' physico-chemical methods and certain traditional reagents (e.g., iodine, ammonium thiocyanate) can produce a substantial improvement in contrast when applied to the right type of mark. Some examples from research projects are given where the concept of sequential treatment has been applied. (Author abstract)