NCJ Number
122637
Journal
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume: 80 Issue: 3 Dated: (Fall 1989) Pages: 726-780
Date Published
1989
Length
55 pages
Annotation
The history and dynamics of penal reform are examined and three major forces shaping penal change are identified: moral idealism, society's need for order, and the efficient operation of penal institutions and staff.
Abstract
The operation of the major forces shaping penal change is examined by studying such historical milestones as the creation of the penitentiary, the creation of the correctional system, and the evolution of the determinate sentencing movement. The article proposes a strategic approach to reform that respects the pluralistic nature of punishment and predicts that significant penal change will occur in the near future. 232 footnotes.