NCJ Number
192340
Date Published
1999
Length
45 pages
Annotation
This report summarizes a 1999 study, sponsored by the U.S. Army, about the use of Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fans to limit the hazards of entering a chemically contaminated building.
Abstract
The study determined if the Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fans could be used for terrorist attacks involving chemicals to reduce the level of poisonous vapors and increase the safety of firefighters. This study had two separate testing phases. The first phase explored the ventilation rates of both natural and forced air provided by the PPV fans. The purpose was twofold: (1) determine if there was an improvement in ventilation: and (2) to see how much vapor the fan could clear from the building within the first 10 minutes. Different types of fans and various distances were used. The second phase consisted of a mock rescue where the Physiological Protective Dosage Factor (PPDF) that the firefighters received while performing the rescue was measured. These measurements were determined by standard Man In Simulant Test (MIST) procedures, using previous MIST testing on firefighter gear to determine a baseline. Through the findings, the study concluded that fan efficiency and chemical protection improved dramatically, especially when the PPV fan was placed a certain distance from the door and the right tools, such as pressure gauges were used. It was recommended that firefighters be provided with hand-held pressure gauges when chemical emergencies occur. 5 tables, 23 figures, and literature cited