NCJ Number
226730
Date Published
August 2008
Length
35 pages
Annotation
This paper provides guidance for prosecutors in providing leadership in the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBP) (practices proven effective through evaluation research) throughout criminal justice processing.
Abstract
The principles of EBP have proven to reduce recidivism by changing offender behavior; however, the principles require early diagnosis of an offender before a plea is negotiated by the prosecutor or a sentence imposed. Initial screening tools can help prosecutors make informed decisions about appropriate candidates for early diversion from criminal processing. Proven risk/needs assessment tools can assist prosecutors in deciding how to proceed against a defendant. Options available to prosecutors include diverting a defendant from prosecution, reduction of a charge in a plea negotiation, or recommending a community-based sanction over incarceration. Offender assessment can provide objective, actuarial information that assists prosecutors in making difficult decisions that can have a significant impact on a defendant's life and also on public safety. Evaluation research is providing a growing body of evidence on what does and does not work in managing defendants and offenders. Assessment tools have been subjected to rigorous testing in predicting with a high degree of accuracy those most at risk to reoffend; and the identification of needs that underlie an individual's criminal behavior can be matched to treatment techniques that have proven effective in addressing identified needs and reducing and/or eliminating criminal behavior. Prosecutors have the responsibility to base their discretionary decisionmaking in such evidence-based assessments in order to use the criminal justice system in such a way that criminal behavior is reduced and the public is protected.