NCJ Number
198951
Journal
FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin Volume: 72 Issue: 2 Dated: February 2003 Pages: 12-16
Editor(s)
John E. Ott
Date Published
February 2003
Length
5 pages
Annotation
This article describes the use of Hmong gangs to gain more and more control of communities by use of the crimes of rape and prostitution.
Abstract
The unique structure of the Hmong gang, including their historical and cultural influences and the characteristics of the ritual use of rape by these gangs and its impact on the victims, is described in this article. The history of the development of Hmong gangs in Minnesota, from the mid-1980's on, is reviewed, describing their evolution to increasing severity and violence. The internal, decentralized, structure of the gang is described, and the resort to gun violence, and their geographic mobility are detailed. Kidnapping, rape, and prostitution are their most frequent and most violent crimes against non-gang members. In one case, 33 victims were identified as having been held from 2 days to 3 months, between January of 1997 and April of 1998. A detailed discussion of how to conduct investigations of Hmong gangs is provided, with sensitivity for and respect of the victims (often very young girls) being a key component. In conclusion, it is noted that law enforcement is capable of more effectively investigating and prosecuting cases of Hmong gang rapes and prostitution. It is recommended that by working with the victims, perpetrators can more effectively be brought to justice and a stop put to Hmong gang rapes.