U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.

NCJRS Virtual Library

The Virtual Library houses over 235,000 criminal justice resources, including all known OJP works.
Click here to search the NCJRS Virtual Library

Why Prisons Matter: A Utilitarian Review

NCJ Number
171397
Journal
Corrections Management Quarterly Volume: 1 Issue: 2 Dated: (Spring 1997) Pages: 15-24
Author(s)
E W Zedlewski
Date Published
1997
Length
10 pages
Annotation
This article reviews the empirical evidence in support of imprisonment as a primary policy for ensuring public safety.
Abstract
The United States prison inmate population surpassed 1,000,000 in 1994, quadrupling the number from 20 years earlier. The event sparked renewed debate over the efficacy of imprisonment as a primary policy for ensuring public safety. The article finds that imprisonment has been a sound public investment in that the public has averted greater social costs from crime than the costs expended for imprisonment. Recent estimates of the social costs of violent crimes suggest that marginal increases in confinement remain cost-effective even in the face of possible diminishing returns as lower-rate offenders are incarcerated. The article recommends greater attention to the relative merits of deterrence and incapacitation factors for various subgroups of offenses and offenders, and encourages studies on the effectiveness of community corrections. The article also examines several arguments against imprisonment and suggests ways to recast some of them into more persuasive constructs. Tables, references